Sodium-dependent glucose cotransporters (or sodium-glucose linked transporter, SGLT) are a family of glucose transporter found in the intestinal mucosa (enterocytes) of the small intestine (SGLT1) and the proximal tubule of the nephron (SGLT2 in PCT and SGLT1 in PST).

Dec 15, 2019 · We hypothesize that recurrent synaptic excitability entails astrocytic Glu-GABA exchange mechanism driven by Glu:Na + symport, which shall activate GABA and Gln efflux, enhance tonic inhibition and replenish Glu pool.

Jan 14, 2015 · Na +, K + -ATPase, also known as Na + -K + -pump, is located on the plasma membrane and consists of α, β, and γ subunits, transporting three Na + out of the cell and two K + into the cell by hydrolyzing ATP. The α subunit has four isoforms (α 1–4), while the β subunit has three isoforms (β 1–3).

The glutamate (Glu) transporters GLAST and GLT-1, as the two most important transporters in brain tissue, transport Glu from the extracellular space into the cell protecting against Glu toxicity.

Aug 4, 2017 · Sodium pumps are ubiquitously expressed membrane proteins that extrude three Na + ions in exchange for two K + ions, using ATP as an energy source. Recent studies have illuminated additional, dynamic roles for sodium pumps in regulating the excitability of neuronal networks in an activity-dependent fashion.

Aug 22, 2017 · After neuronal stimulation, released Glu is removed by a family of Na +-dependent Glu transporters, known as excitatory amino acid transporters (EAATs) (Martínez-Lozada and Ortega 2015).

Jan 29, 2009 · For the major excitatory transmitter of the mammalian central nervous system (CNS), L -glutamate (Glu), this transport is vital as high concentrations of Glu in the synaptic milieu can cause neuronal injury through a multifaceted process termed excitotoxicity.

Dec 22, 2010 · In this Review, we focus on the H + -ATPase and the Na +,K + -ATPase and their key roles in the plasma membrane of eukaryotes. These two distinct subclasses of P-type ATPase have evolved...

Jun 4, 2024 · Recently, we combined dielectric relaxation spectroscopy (DRS) with 1D- and 3D-RISM calculations to investigate the hydration of Glu – anions up to c(Glu –) = 1.9 M, i.e., close to the saturation limit of aqueous sodium L-glutamate.

The effect of drugs from the class of cardiac (methyldigoxin, verapamil, propranolol), antiepileptic (carbamazepine), sedative (diazepam) and antihistaminic (promethazine) drugs on Na,K-ATPase activity of plasma membranes was studied in rat brain synaptosomes.