Parasitic protozoa that are transmitted through water and those that cause human infections are Toxoplasma gondii, Entamoeba histolytica, Cyclospora cayetanensis, Isospora belli, Blastocystis hominis, Balantidium coli, Acanthamoeba spp., Sarcocystis spp. and Naegleria spp.

Diseases caused by protozoa that are transmitted by contaminated drinking water are considered waterborne diseases. Common protozoa, such as Cryptosporidium and Giardia , are extremely hardy and can survive chlorine disinfection that is commonly practiced at conventional water treatment plants.

Apr 7, 2023 · The results showed that viable protozoa were prevalent in the city’s tap water, and amoebae were the major component of tap water protozoa. In addition, protozoan-associated bacteria contained many potential pathogens and were primarily enriched in amoeba hosts.

Dec 10, 2016 · From the deepest part of the ocean, to the top of the highest mountain, protozoa are there. They can be found in ponds, streams, rivers, swamps and in most soil. Even the most polluted water contains some species of protozoa.

Mar 12, 2018 · Improved water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH) are significant in preventing diarrhea morbidity and mortality caused by protozoa in low- and middle-income countries.

Mar 12, 2018 · Improved water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH) are significant in preventing diarrhea morbidity and mortality caused by protozoa in low-and middle-income countries.

Waterborne parasitic protozoa, particularly Giardia lamblia and Cryptosporidium spp., are common causes of diarrhea and gastroenteritis worldwide. The most frequently identified source of infestation is water, and exposure involves either drinking water or recreation in swimming pools or natural bodies of water.

Jun 20, 2024 · Cryptosporidium spp., Cyclospora cayetanensis, Entamoeba histolytica, and Cystoisospora belli were the protozoans most frequently involved in recently reported waterborne and foodborne outbreaks and cases.

Sep 4, 2023 · Waterborne diseases caused by protozoan parasites are regarded as a public health concern in both developed and developing nations and are responsible for many outbreaks worldwide (Plutzer & Karanis 2016).

May 22, 2009 · Free-living protozoan communities in water supplies may include hosts for Legionella pneumophila and other undesired bacteria, as well as pathogens. This study aimed at identifying free-living protozoa in two unchlorinated groundwater supplies, using cultivation-independent molecular approaches.