Humans, whales, lizards, and birds all have differently shaped forelimbs, reflecting their different lifestyles. But those different forelimbs all share the same set of homologous bones — the humerus, the radius, and the ulna.

Oct 5, 2016 · The chondrogenic skeletal pattern along the antero-posterior axis gives humerus, radius, ulna and the distal region. The radius and ulna differ in their length and level of sulphation. The end result is a periodic pattern resembling that in other amniotes.

Apr 5, 2007 · Lizard limb development shows an early pattern common to other reptiles with clear primary axis and digital arch. The pattern then becomes lizard-specific with specialization involving some reduction in prechondrogenic elements.

Sep 2, 2024 · The ulna (Figs. 133, 134), on the postaxial side, articulates with the trochlear condyle of the humerus, as in mammals, by a hinge, but somewhat spiral joint; distally, normally with the intermedium and ulnare of the carpus, usually also at …

May 20, 2024 · Lizards have four limbs, with front legs attached to pectoral girdles coming off the spine and back legs attached to pelvic girdles. The limb bones include a humerus/femur, radius/ulna or tibia/fibula, and fingers/toes.

Mar 16, 2025 · Research has revealed that lizards (as well as some birds and mammals) possess an ‘ulnar patella’ in their forelimb. This sesamoid bone is positioned in the elbow and performs a function similar to the tibial patella of the knee.

Condensation, bifurcation, and segmentation of the ulna/fibula pro-duce the formation of cartilages of the primary axis in a proximodistal sequence (black bold line), the digital arch in a posteroanterior sequence (black medium bold line), and the intermedium and centralia in proximomedial direction (gray bold line).

Sep 29, 2016 · Previously known from a single crushed skeleton, the new three-dimensional fossils show a unique forelimb with asymmetric radii and ulnae and elongate carpals. The forelimb and enlarged second manual ungual suggest a digging similar to modern anteaters.

In Lizards 1 and 3, the radius becomes adducted toward the ulna earlier in stance, whereas in Lizard 2, the radius becomes adducted relative to the ulna later. Also, in Lizard 2, the...

Dec 1, 2001 · Lizards are generally adapted for moving relatively rapidly in terms of body lengths per unit time (Liem, 1977), and small lizards are able to develop great speed while running quadrupedally, but usually only over short distances (Huey and Hertz, 1982).