A BRAF mutation is a spontaneous change in the BRAF gene that makes it work incorrectly. A mutation causes the gene to turn on the protein and keep it on, which means certain cells get ongoing signals to keep dividing and no instructions on when to stop.

Apr 16, 2024 · In this review, we cover the current understanding of BRAF mutations and associated clinical characteristics in patients with metastatic NSCLC, approved and emerging treatment options, BRAF...

Oncogenic BRAF mutations induce MAP kinase (MAPK) pathway activation and are a key mediator of tumorigenesis in multiple cancer types including melanoma, histiocytosis, and thyroid, colorectal, and lung cancers, among others. 1, 2 In 2022, the combination of the ATP-competitive RAF kinase inhibitor dabrafenib and the allosteric MEK inhibitor tra...

BRAF V600D/E/K/R mutations result in a strong activation of the BRAF kinase and the MAPK pathway, while being RAS-independent. In fact, RAS activation is even suppressed in class I BRAF mutations, due to a negative feedback loop after ERK activation [ 1 ].

BRAF is a human gene that encodes a protein called B-Raf. The gene is also referred to as proto-oncogene B-Raf and v-Raf murine sarcoma viral oncogene homolog B , while the protein is more formally known as serine/threonine-protein kinase B-Raf .

Jan 26, 2024 · In this Review, we describe the biochemical basis for oncogenic BRAF-induced activation of MAPK signalling and pan-cancer and lineage-specific mechanisms of intrinsic, adaptive and acquired...

Mar 15, 2018 · BRAF V600D/E/K/R mutations are referred to as class I mutants, a group that results in strong activation of BRAF’s kinase activity and constitutive activation of the MAPK pathway (Fig. 1;...

We report a case of limited effectiveness of dabrafenib and trametinib in a 59-year-old man with poorly differentiated lung carcinoma and a rare BRAF K601E mutation. The patient, unresponsive to chemotherapy and immunotherapy, received these targeted agents as second-line treatment.

Jul 16, 2020 · For patients with metastatic BRAF wild-type (WT) tumors, current guidelines recommend anti–programmed death 1 (PD-1) monotherapy or anti–PD-1/anti–cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen 4 (CTLA-4) combination therapy. 1 In approximately 40% of patients with metastatic melanoma, the melanoma contains a BRAF mutation, and more than 90% of those ...

Jan 25, 2023 · BRAF mutation is considered to be an oncogenic driver in colorectal cancer (CRC) and V600E is the most dominant BRAF mutation . Mutations occurring at V600 of BRAF such as V600E/K/D/R/M cause the expression of RAS-independent active monomeric proteins, which are grouped as Class1 BRAF mutations.