Fractalkine, also known as chemokine (C-X3-C motif) ligand 1, is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CX3CL1 gene. Fractalkine is a large cytokine protein of 373 amino acids that contains multiple domains and is the only known member of the CX 3 C chemokine family.

Mar 30, 2025 · CX3CL1 (C-X3-C Motif Chemokine Ligand 1) is a Protein Coding gene. Diseases associated with CX3CL1 include Pityriasis Rosea and Vasculitis. Among its related pathways are MIF Mediated Glucocorticoid Regulation and GPCR downstream signalling.

CX3CR1 is a highly selective chemokine receptor and surface marker for cytotoxic effector lymphocytes––such as NK cells, cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs), and γδ cells––which express great amounts of perforin and granzyme B, regardless of their lineage and mode of target cell recognition (10).

CX3CL1 is expressed on the tumor cell plasma membrane while soluble CX3CL1 accumulates in the culture supernatants, indicating that the chemokine is constitutively released. The serum CX3CL1 level may be used as a clinical marker to assess the disease activity of …

CX3CL1, also named fractalkine or neurotactin, is the only known member of the CX3C chemokine family that can chemoattract several immune cells. CX3CL1 exists in both membrane-anchored and soluble forms, with each mediating distinct biological activities.

CX3CL1 (Fractalkine) is a multifunctional inflammatory chemokine with a single receptor CX3CR1. The biological effects elicited by CX3CL1 on surrounding cells vary depending on a number of factors including its structure, the expression pattern of CX3CR1, and the cell type.

CX3CL1 has been shown to signal through its sole receptor CX3CR1, which is located on microglial cells within the central nervous system (CNS). Although both the membrane bound and soluble forms of CX3CL1 appear to interact with CX3CR1, they do seem to have different signaling capabilities.

This review will focus on the unique structural biology features of CX3CL1 and CX3CR1, their interactions in tumour inflammatory response, and antitumour effects, which highlights possible potential therapeutic targets.

CX3CL1 secreted in the tumor microenvironment serves as a chemoattractant playing a critical role in metastasis of CX3CR1 expressing cancer cells. CX3CR1 can be expressed in both cancer and immune-inhibitory myeloid cells to facilitate their migration.

Aug 26, 2013 · CX3CL1 (or fractalkine) is a structurally and functionally unique chemokine with a well documented role in atherosclerosis. In its membrane bound form it promotes the firm adhesion of rolling...