Dec 6, 2024 · This was an ambitious study using single-nucleus RNA-Seq to characterize astrocyte heterogeneity across five brain regions in 32 donors who spanned the spectrum of Alzheimer’s disease neuropathology. The authors’ analysis of normal brains revealed astrocyte heterogeneity across the neocortex.

Oct 4, 2023 · News: Astrocyte Receptor Suppresses Neurotoxic Lipids, Preserves Neurons; It’s exciting to see advancements in research that could lead to innovative clinical interventions. This study provides the first evidence of a regulatory role of TMEM164 in astrocyte activation within the nervous system.

Dec 5, 2024 · “The coexistence of multiple astrocyte phenotypes suggests that we should address astrocyte heterogeneity, stratify astrocyte subtypes, and consider multiple astrocyte targets for developing biomarkers. In summary, we should think about astrocytes the way we think about neurons,” he wrote to Alzforum. (Comment below.) Shifty Masses.

Sep 20, 2023 · Comparing reactive astrocyte RNA-Seq datasets from Alzheimer’s, multiple sclerosis, Huntington’s, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, frontotemporal lobar degeneration, and Parkinson’s brain revealed a single gene that is downregulated in all six: TMEM164 (center). [Courtesy of Zhang et al., Nature Metabolism.]

Nov 9, 2021 · Astrocyte With Appetite. Cultured mouse astrocytes treated with gemfibrozil and retinoic acid (right) ingurgitated more Aβ (white) than did untreated cells (left), and sequestered it into their lysosomes (red). [Courtesy of Raha et al., Science Signaling, 2021.] [Courtesy of Raha et al., Science Signaling, 2021.]

Jun 30, 2022 · A cocktail of cytokines triggers at least two opposing astrocyte reactions that balance each other. Controlled by STAT3, one churns out IL-6; the other unleashes interferons. A core group of transcriptional regulators oversees a diversity in …

Nov 4, 2023 · Some previous studies have also found astrocyte cell bodies on the brain’s surface (Feig and Haberly, 2011; Falcone et al., 2021), and one reported these cells were myocilin+ (Wu et al., 2017). Human Brain, Too. In postmortem brain samples, myocilin+ astrocytes (purple) cover the brain surface and extend processes into the parenchyma.

Jun 2, 2023 · Astrocyte transcriptomic changes along the spatiotemporal progression of Alzheimer's disease. 2022 Dec 07 10.1101/2022.12.03.518999 (version 1) bioRxiv. Serrano-Pozo A, Gómez-Isla T, Growdon JH, Frosch MP, Hyman BT .

First, Bellaver investigated how astrocyte reactivity influenced the relationship between amyloid status, as gauged by PET or plasma Aβ42/40 levels, and plasma p-tau217. She found that across the AD continuum, plasma p-tau217 increased as a function of plaque burden, but only if astrocytes were reactive, as gauged by elevated plasma GFAP.

Nov 18, 2020 · Neurofibrillary tangles develop primarily in glutamatergic pyramidal neurons and misfolded tau is thought to propagate through neural circuits trans-synaptically. Astrocyte fine processes rich in glutamate transporters are a structural and functional part of the excitatory glutamatergic synapses (Ventura and Harris, 1999). Thus, it is plausible ...