May 16, 2024 · What are the symptoms of H5N1 infection in humans? The symptoms of H5N1 infection may include fever (often high fever, > 38°C) and malaise, cough, sore throat and muscle aches. Other early symptoms may include conjunctivitis and other non-respiratory symptoms.

Dec 31, 2024 · HPAI A (H5N1) clade 2.3.4.4b emerged in 2021 and resulted in fatal infections in poultry as well as terrestrial and marine mammals. 1 In early 2024, influenza A infection was first recognized in...

Mar 13, 2025 · Given recent increases in the prevalence of HPAI A(H5N1) viruses among some animal populations, public health agencies should continue to investigate cases of HPAI A(H5N1) in humans as part of control measures, pandemic preparedness, to identify concerning genetic changes, and to prevent and detect potential human-to-human transmission of the ...

Dec 31, 2024 · Highly pathogenic avian influenza A (H5N1) viruses have caused widespread infections in dairy cows and poultry in the United States, with sporadic human cases. We describe characteristics...

H5N1 infections in humans are generally caused by bird to human transmission of the virus. Until May 2006, the WHO estimate of the number of human to human transmissions had been "two or three cases".

Dec 26, 2024 · Direct avian-to-human HPAI A(H5N1) virus transmission is the predominant means of human infection, although the exact mode and sites of HPAI A (H5N1) virus acquisition in the respiratory tract are incompletely understood.

15 hours ago · To date, these have not been features of cow-related A(H5N1) human infections, although the case fatality rate for A(H5) infections at the global level is more than 50% and the virulence of a ...

Apr 5, 2024 · On April 1, 2024, Texas reported a human infection with highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) A(H5N1) virus (H5N1 bird flu) after confirmation by CDC. This is the first time this virus has been found in a cow and the second human case …

So far, H5N1 infections in humans are attributed to bird-to-human transmission of the virus in most cases. Until May 2006, the WHO estimate of the number of human to human transmission had been "two or three cases".

Here, we review the ecology and evolution of highly pathogenic avian influenza H5N1 viruses, assess the pandemic risk, and address aspects of human H5N1 disease in relation to its epidemiology, clinical presentation, pathogenesis, diagnosis, and management.