A calpain (/ ˈkælpeɪn /; [1] EC 3.4.22.52, EC 3.4.22.53) is a protein belonging to the family of calcium -dependent, non-lysosomal cysteine proteases (proteolytic enzymes) expressed ubiquitously in mammals and many other organisms. Calpains constitute the C2 family of protease clan CA in the MEROPS database.

May 1, 2021 · Calpains are calcium-dependent cysteine proteases. The members of the calpain family can have a classical or a non-classical structural organisation. Calpains as proteases require a number of mechanisms to control their activity from spatio-temporal modifications of expression to changes in molecular conformation.

Jun 9, 2005 · Calpains are Ca 2+ -dependent cysteine proteases (proteolytic enzymes with cysteine in the catalytic site) that modulate cellular function. In humans, 14 independent genes encode members of the...

The calpain system originally comprised three molecules: two Ca2+-dependent proteases, mu-calpain and m-calpain, and a third polypeptide, calpastatin, whose only known function is to inhibit the two calpains.

Calpain is calcium-activated protease which exists as an inactive proenzyme in the cytosol. When intracellular calcium level is overloaded, it triggers to convert the proenzyme to its active form. Activated calpain then cleaves cytoplasmic and nuclear substrates, leading to apoptosis. References. 1. Kerr JF, Wyllie AH, Currie AR.

Aug 21, 2021 · Calpain is a conserved family of calcium-dependent, cytosolic, neutral cysteine proteases. The best characterized members of the family are the ubiquitously expressed calpain 1 and calpain 2. They perform controlled proteolysis of their target proteins.

Mar 30, 2025 · CAPN1 (Calpain 1) is a Protein Coding gene. Diseases associated with CAPN1 include Spastic Paraplegia 76, Autosomal Recessive and Hereditary Spastic Paraplegia. Among its related pathways are Defective Intrinsic Pathway for Apoptosis and Innate Immune System.

Apr 21, 2011 · The calpains are a family of cysteine proteases that catalyse the controlled proteolysis of a large number of specific substrates. Although the calpain family consists of more than ten members,...

Calpain is a Ca2+-regulated cytosolic cysteine protease that exists mainly in two isoforms and mediates crucial cellular functions, including rearrangement of cytoskeletal proteins, transport of the glucose transporter GLUT4, and protein cleavage to …

Aug 17, 2021 · Calpains are evolutionarily conserved and widely expressed Ca 2+ -activated cysteine proteases that act at neutral pH. The activity of calpains is tightly regulated, given that their abnormal activation can have deleterious effects leading to …