Eukaryotic Initiation Factor 2 (eIF2) is a eukaryotic initiation factor. It is required for most forms of eukaryotic translation initiation. eIF2 mediates the binding of tRNA i Met to the ribosome in a GTP -dependent manner. eIF2 is a heterotrimer consisting of an alpha (also called subunit 1, EIF2S1), a beta (subunit 2, EIF2S2), and a gamma ...

The eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 (eIF2) has key functions in the initiation step of protein synthesis. eIF2 guides the initiator tRNA to the ribosome, participates in scanning of the mRNA molecule, supports selection of the start ...

eIF2 brings the Met-tRNA i to the ribosomal translation initiation complex, in the form of the eIF2-GTP•Met-tRNA i ternary complex (TC). Upon start codon recognition, eIF2 hydrolyzes GTP, and eIF2-GDP is released. eIF2B catalyzes nucleotide exchange and Met-tRNA i binding to form a new TC. Phosphorylation of the α-subunit of eIF2 by several ...

eIF2 plays a central role in the maintenance of what is generally considered a rate-limiting step in mRNA translation. In this step, eIF2 binds GTP and Met-tRNAi and transfers Met-tRNAi to the 40S ribosomal subunit.

Jun 8, 2020 · In synthesis, it appears that eIF2α phosphorylation is a central event for the stimulation of autophagy. The so-called integrated stress response 1, 2, 3 is characterized by the phosphorylation...

May 13, 2019 · To provide insight into the mechanism of translational control we have determined the structures of eIF2 both in phosphorylated and unphosphorylated forms bound with its nucleotide exchange...

Key themes in the review will be the mechanisms regulating eIF2α kinases, the role that upstream open reading frames (uORFs) play in translational control, and the impact that altered P-eIF2α levels by gene mutations or small molecule inhibitors can have on health and disease.

Mar 22, 2025 · Explore how eIF2 alpha phosphorylation regulates protein synthesis and cellular stress responses, balancing adaptation and homeostasis through key signaling pathways.

eIF2 is the main protein complex responsible for delivering the initiator tRNA to the P-site of the preinitiation complex, as a ternary complex containing Met-tRNA i Met and GTP (the eIF2-TC). eIF2 has specificity for the methionine-charged initiator tRNA, which is distinct from other methionine-charged tRNAs used for elongation of the ...

Cell signaling in response to an array of diverse stress stimuli converges on the phosphorylation of the α-subunit of eukaryotic initiation factor 2 (eIF2). Phosphorylation of eIF2α on serine 51 results in a severe decline in de novo protein synthesis and is an important strategy in …