Many ocean carbon removal methods, like fertilization or biomass sinking, reduce oxygen levels and cause harm to marine ecosystems.

Responders had a median aldosterone of 329 pmol/L and a range from 104 pmol/L to 1,370 pmol/L, whereas median aldosterone for nonresponders was 255 pmol/L with levels ranging from 50 pmol/L to 828 ...

Note that patients with diabetes who had vitamin B12 levels less than 250 pmol/L also had worse cognitive performance, and the association between metformin and cognitive impairment was weakened ...

Blood tests showed that their B12 levels averaged 414.8 pmol/L, while the recommended minimum level in the U.S. is just 148 pmol/L. Participants who had lower B12 levels were found to have ...

All of the participants had B12 levels in their blood that averaged 414.8 pmol/L, which is significantly above the established minimum level of 148 pmol/L (anything below this is considered ...

In the United States, B12 deficiency is defined as a total blood level of less than 148 pmol/L, which is three standard deviations below the population average. Due to a lack of agreement on what ...

To provide a consistent comparison, the reference ranges for each country have been converted to picomoles per liter (pmol/L): United States: 148 to 748 pmol/L Australia: 135 to 650 pmol/L United ...

Their blood B12 amounts averaged 414.8 pmol/L, well above the U.S. minimum of 148 pmol/L. Adjusted for factors like age, sex, education and cardiovascular risks, researchers looked at the ...