How Financial Hardships Shaped the Lives and Policies of Five U.S. Presidents Fact checked by Stella Osoba Although the White ...

Reformers in the Republican Party, which dominated national politics in the 1860s and 1870s, had been calling for a professional, merit-based civil service since shortly after the Civil War.

Born: October 5, 1830, in Fairfield, Vermont... "Arthur is president now," declared James Garfield's assassin. A cog in the New York party machine, upon his presidency, Arthur revealed an ...

5, 2020 6:14 a.m. The words in these letters spoke volumes. Julia Sand wrote to then-vice president Chester A. Arthur, who would become the 21st president of the United States, offering advice on ...

She thus created the first presidential library, setting the precedent for the collection of papers of the President for posterity. Garfield's successor, Chester Arthur, however, burned most of ...

On the morning of July 2, 1881, a man wearing a black slouch hat and a tattered dark suit crept up behind President James Garfield at the Baltimore and Potomac Railroad depot in Washington, D.C ...