A ventricular septal defect (VSD) occurs when there is direct ... The Qp/Qs ratio can be measured during cardiac catheterization or via echocardiography and helps to determine the size of the ...
Echocardiography is now the diagnostic ... The most feared complication of ASD, like for ventricular septal defect, is Eisenmenger's syndrome, but the development of a right-to-left shunt is ...
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