George Washington University. (2014, March 27). 'Mini heart' invented to help return venous blood. ScienceDaily. Retrieved June 2, 2025 from www.sciencedaily.com / releases / 2014 / 03 ...

Chronic venous insufficiency is one of the most pervasive diseases, particularly in developed countries. Its incidence can reach 20 to 30 percent in people over 50 years of age.