Imagine a caterpillar with soft, fancy, velvety skin; that’s what a velvet worm looks like. However, unlike most caterpillars ...

A) The structure of TLRs is characteristic of type I membrane proteins: A transmembrane domain spans the membrane (MB) and connects to an extracellular domain, which projects from the outside ...

Think of TLRs as cellular security guards that sometimes overreact, causing inflammation that damages the retina — the light-sensitive tissue at the back of the eye. In mouse trials, the eye ...

The discovery of microbial-sensing proteins called Toll-like receptors is transforming our understanding of the body’s response to infection. Aa Aa Aa A diverse range of microbes, including ...

For this article Karen Young Kreeger interviewed Holger Wesche, scientist at Tularik Inc. in South San Francisco, Calif. Data from the Web of Science (ISI, Philadelphia) show that this paper has been ...