TDR (time-domain-reflectometry) measurements can provide a direct representation of the signal integrity of a cable or PCB (printed-circuit-board) trace and can analyze ICs’ performance and failure. A ...

Figure 1. Flight time of reflected TDR signal of a trace with vias at each end. Figure 2. Expanded TDR reflected signal for vicinity of via interface to trace. To overcome this limitation and compute ...

The TDR data for the load board by itself is quite useful because it shows how the board distorts the TDR signal. Keep in mind, however, that the rise time of TDR oscilloscopes is quite fast, on ...