25°C – 35°C temperature Fermentation is a slow reaction. It may take days or weeks to finish. It ends when the ethanol concentration reaches about 15%, killing the yeast. If oxygen gets in ...

Here we demonstrate one facet of its versatility—a technique for inducing ethanol production in yeast, by switching from an aerobic growth phase to an anaerobic steady-state culture. The BioFlo ...

Modern petrol engines can use petrol containing up to ten per cent ethanol without needing any modifications, and most petrol sold in the UK contains ethanol. Although biofuels are in theory ...