whereas the predator kills its prey before, or in the process of, consuming it. For all parasites, the host exists as an island of habitat. But the island lives for a finite period of time ...

as the parasites infect the primary host, predator populations may also decline. Species interactions occur on many levels, as part of a complex, dynamic system in ecological communities.

Almost all organisms play host to parasites throughout their entire lifetimes. To succeed at the evolutionary game, organisms must eat but not be eaten. As a result, in predator-prey (and parasite ...

More information: Ana C. Hijar Islas et al, Parasite-mediated predation determines infection in a complex predator–prey–parasite system, Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences ...