Four years before Pearl Harbor, Japan launched an unprovoked air assault on the American gunboat USS Panay in China. The attack was an early sign of imperial aggression in East Asia. Though Japan ...

The river gunboat USS Panay steams on the Yangtze River near Nanjing, China, in December 1937. As the Japanese Imperial Army bore down on Nanjing, reports began flooding in to the US Embassy of ...

Hull, Hirota, Hopes. What caused the Panay incident to retain its high rating as an international crisis was the conspicuous delay of a reply to the State Department’s demand for a formal ...

The law for which the Panay sinking last week surprisingly supplied momentum in Congress was one which, as an expression of pacifism, made the Neutrality Act look like a speech by Mussolini.

The river gunboat USS Panay steams on the Yangtze River near Nanjing, China, in December 1937. As the Japanese Imperial Army bore down on Nanjing, reports began flooding in to the US Embassy of ...