In this environment, William Kelly devised a new process for refining iron. Kelly’s invention used chemical reactions to remove impurities in molten pig iron, a crude form of iron, and reduce the fuel ...

At higher temperatures, the iron would absorb more carbon, melt, and result in a molten metal called cast or pig iron. Though the use of iron was already widespread in Europe and North America ...

[Sir Henry Bessemer]’s method for turning pig iron into steel was a great ... Basically, oxygen is blown through molten iron to burn out the impurities. The silicon and manganese burn first ...

[Sir Henry Bessemer]’s method for turning pig iron into steel was a great ... Basically, oxygen is blown through molten iron to burn out the impurities. The silicon and manganese burn first ...