In this paper, we unify the Markov theory of a variety of different types of graphs used in graphical Markov models by introducing the class of loopless mixed graphs, and show that all independence ...

Acyclic directed mixed graphs (ADMGs) are graphs that contain directed (→) and bidirected (↔) edges, subject to the constraint that there are no cycles of directed edges. Such graphs may be used to ...

Graph theory provides a useful and powerful tool for the analysis of cellular signaling networks. Intracellular components such as cytoplasmic signaling proteins, transcription factors and genes ...