In a recent article dedicated to the Ninth Crusade, we explained that the English prince and future king Edward I landed in ...

The archaeology of the Mamluk period, as practiced today, is a form of historical archaeology heavily informed by ...

In 1798, Napoleon faced off against the fierce Mamluk cavalry near the shadow of the Great Pyramids. What followed was a stunning tactical victory that reshaped France’s legend—and Egypt’s ...

led his army out of the city to fight the Ottoman Turks who were commanded by the brutal sultan Selim I “The Grim” but the Mamluks had not had to fight in earnest for eighty years and their ...

After suffering Egyptians from the oppression of the Mamluks and despotism clump the people and organize popular resistance to eliminate them and get rid of the ruling Circassians and the ...