To be clear, an engine doesn't know the difference between AFR and Lambda. It's simply two different terms that that tuners use to effectively impart the same measurement of air and fuel used in ...

ECM has used the same technology in the new analyser as it has in its other AFR analysers that are popular with the world's leading automotive manufacturers. The new product will be attractive to ...

ABSTRACT The most recent European regulations for two- and three-wheelers (Euro 5) are imposing an enhanced combustion control in motorcycle engines to respect tighter emission limits, and Air-Fuel ...