For instance, the following example from Psalm 21 shows a letter like a "T" over some neumes. This "T" refers to tenete, which means to hold and emphasise. Deus meus, clamabo per diem: O my God, I ...

The pitch of this line was indicated by a letter at its start – typically F or C and, as higher range songs become more common, G. Neumes were no longer relative only to one another, but to a ...

Western music professor Kate Helsen explains how to read the neumes, and shares how the songs may have sounded. cbc.ca. Deciphering medieval neumes - what a score looked like before we had sheet ...