Each vertex is formally assigned one valence electron. Experimental techniques ... (2024) Charge and valence bond orders in the spin- 1/2 triangular antiferromagnet. Physical Review.

They have helped link charge ordering to superconductivity and to explore quantum spin liquids, where electron spins remain disordered even at extremely low temperatures. Valence electrons with ...

A group of researchers from Ehime University investigated valence electron configurations using light, expanding on prior studies of superconductors and quantum spin liquids. The findings were ...