Troy is a town in Montgomery County, North Carolina, United States. The population was 2,850 at the 2020 census, down from 3,188 in 2010. I…Troy is a town in Montgomery County, North Carolina, United States. The population was 2,850 at the 2020 census, down from 3,188 in 2010. It is the county seat of Montgomery County. A short story by Charles W. Chesnutt, "The Sheriff's Children", is set in Troy.